参考文章:
官方Filter
在spring cloud Gateway中,存在两种过滤器。
Gateway Filter
gateway filter
会作用在指定的路由,需要手动配置在spring.cloud.gateway.routes[i].filters
下,下面是官方提供的filter:
上面的信息也可以去org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.factory
包下查看,毕竟版本不同有些参数名可能是会改变的。
以重定向过滤器为例:
下面是Config内部类,也就是我们要配置的信息:
Global Filter
另一种是Global filter
应用在所有路由上的过滤器,无需手动配置,官方提供的如下:
自定义Filter
当有个性化的业务需求时,可以自定义过滤器。
Gateway Filter
在自定义GatewayFilter时,有两种方法。
一种是重写GatewayFilter
和Ordered
接口,示例代码如下:
@Slf4j
public class RequestLogGatewayFilter implements GatewayFilter, Ordered {
@Override
public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
// 获取请求路径
URI uri = exchange.getRequest().getURI();
log.info("获取到请求路径:{}", uri.toString());
return chain.filter(exchange);
}
/**
* 设置过滤器执行顺序,数值越低,优先级越搞
*/
@Override
public int getOrder() {
return 0;
}
}
同时需要将其注入springIOC中:
@Configuration
public class GatewayConfig {
@Bean
public RouteLocator customerRouteLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder builder) {
return builder.routes()
.route(r -> r.path("/app1/**")
.filters(f -> f.filter(new RequestLogGatewayFilter()))
.uri("http://localhost:9000")
)
.build();
}
}
另一种是比较推荐的,实现过滤器工厂的父接口AbstractGatewayFilterFactory
,重写apply方法,返回一个GatewayFilter
。同时在构造方法中将Config的Class传给父工厂。
@Slf4j
@Component
public class RequestLogGatewayFilterFactory extends AbstractGatewayFilterFactory<Config> {
public RequestLogGatewayFilterFactory() {
super(Config.class);
}
@Override
public GatewayFilter apply(Config config) {
return new GatewayFilter() {
@Override
public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
// 获取请求路径
URI uri = exchange.getRequest().getURI();
log.info("获取到请求路径:{}", uri.toString());
//
log.info("配置属性:{}", config.getName());
return chain.filter(exchange);
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return GatewayToStringStyler.filterToStringCreator(RequestLogGatewayFilterFactory.this).toString();
}
};
// return (exchange,chain)->{
// };
}
@Data
public class Config {
private String name;
}
}
然后在配置文件中加入:
spring:
cloud:
gateway:
enabled: true
routes:
- id: app-service001 # 路由唯一ID
uri: http://localhost:9000 # 目标URI,
predicates: # 断言,为真则匹配成功
# 匹配亚洲上海时间 2021-11-29:17:42:47 以后的请求
# - After=2021-11-29T17:42:47.000+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]
- Path=/app1/** # 配置规则Path,如果是app1开头的请求,则会将该请求转发到目标URL
filters:
- RequestLog=config
Global Filter
实现自定义Golbal Filter只需要实现GlobalFilter
和Ordered
接口即可,可以在代码中匹配路径,示例代码如下:
@Component
@Slf4j
public class AuthGlobalFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {
@Autowired
ObjectMapper objectMapper;
// 放行路径,可以编写配置类,配置在YML中
private static final String[] SKIP_PATH = {"/app1/login", "/app1/skip/**"};
@Override
public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
// 1. 判断是否放行路径
String requestPath = exchange.getRequest().getPath().pathWithinApplication().value();
boolean match = Arrays.stream(SKIP_PATH).map(path -> path.replaceAll("/\\*\\*", "")).anyMatch(path -> path.startsWith(requestPath));
if (match) {
return chain.filter(exchange);
}
// 2. 判断是否包含Oauth2 令牌
String authorizationHeader = exchange.getRequest().getHeaders().getFirst("Authorization");
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(authorizationHeader) ) {
// 如果消息头中没有 Authorization ,并且不是 Bearer开头,则抛出异常
ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
response.getHeaders().add("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
String result = "";
try {
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>(16);
map.put("code", HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED.value());
map.put("msg", "当前请求未认证,不允许访问");
map.put("data", null);
result = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(map);
} catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
}
DataBuffer buffer = response.bufferFactory().wrap(result.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
return response.writeWith(Flux.just(buffer));
}
return chain.filter(exchange);
}
@Override
public int getOrder() {
return -1;
}
}